Zeynep Karataş

The aim of the study is to develop a new scale, called the " Resilience Scale for Early Adolescents " (RSEA). This study was carried out on four different groups consisting of secondary school students (in total 760 students) from Burdur in Turkey. The psychometric properties of the RSEA were analyzed by means of item analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and criterion related validity, internal consistency and test-retest methods. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis results demonstrated that the scale comprised four factors. As a result of the EFA, the factor loadings of 23 items in the four factors were found to vary between 0.68 and 0.78. These four factors explained 48% of the total variance. Within the scope of the criterion related validity, negatively significant correlations were found between the RSEA and the Depression Scale for Early Adolescents. The RSEA's internal consistency coefficient and test-retest reliability coefficient were each determined to be 0.85. In conclusion, RSEA can be used as a reliable and valid measure for Turkish early adolescents.

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, ortaöğretim kurumlarında yürütülen psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik hizmetlerine yönelik okul müdürü, sınıf rehber öğretmeni, öğrenci ve okul rehber öğretmeninin (psikolojik danışman) görüşlerini belirlemektir. Araştırmada nitel
araştırma desenlerinden olgu bilim çalışması kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışma 2010-2011 öğretim yılında altı okul müdürü, on altı sınıf rehber öğretmeni, yirmi üç öğrenci ve yedi okul rehber öğretmeni olmak üzere toplam 52 katılımcı ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla yüz
yüze toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları; okul müdürü, sınıf rehber öğretmeni, öğrenci ve okul rehber öğretmenlerinin, PDR hizmetlerini farklı tanımladıklarını göstermektedir. Müdür, sınıf rehber öğretmeni ve
öğrencilerin okul rehber öğretmenlerinden farklı olarak, PDR hizmetlerini daha çok sorun çözücü, öğüt verici ve dert ortaklığı olarak tanımladıkları görülmüştür. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular alan yazın ışığında tartışılmış ve sonuçlarla ilgili öneriler geliştirilmiştir

In this study, it is intended to develop a scale unique to our culture, concerning individual instrument performance anxiety of the students who are getting instrument training in the Department of Music Education. In the study, the descriptive research model is used and qualitative research techniques are utilized. The study population consists of the students attending the 23 universities which has Music Education Department. The sample of the study consists of 438 girls and 312 boys, totally 750 students who are studying in the Department of Music Education of randomly selected 10 universities. As a result of the explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses that were performed, a one-dimensional structure consisting of 14 items was obtained. Also, t-scores and the coefficient scores of total item correlation concerning the distinguishing power of the items, the difference in the scores of the set of lower and upper 27% was calculated, and it was observed that the items are distinguishing as a result of both analyses. Of the scale, Cronbach's alpha coefficient of internal consistency was calculated as .94, and test-retest reliability coefficient was calculated as .93. As a result, a valid and reliable assessment and evaluation instrument that measures the exam performance anxiety of the students studying in the Department of Music Education, has been developed.

Problem statement: It has been observed that there are a limited number of studies on the resilience of primary and secondary school students in Turkey. However, it is acknowledged that secondary school students with difficult conditions of life also have to cope with rapid physical, psychological and social changes brought about by adolescence. For this reason, conducting research on the resilience characteristics of students within this age range would be an opportunity to enable them to acquire the abilities that will increase their resilience level. Moreover, the findings obtained from this research would contribute to the acknowledgement of protective factors, especially crisis response studies in the fields of psychological counseling and guidance services. Purpose of the Study: The general purpose of this research is to analyze perceived social support, depression and life satisfaction as predictors of the resilience of secondary school students of low socioeconomic levels. The examination of students' levels of resilience was based on gender, who they lived with, and whether their parents were together/separated and were alive/not alive. Method: The study group of the research consists of 386secondary school students. Of the students in the sample, 202 (52%) are girls, and 184 (48%) are boys. Of these students, 130 (34%) attend sixth-grade, 138 (36%) attend